The Therapeutic Potential of CBD in Neurological Disorders

Cannabidiol (CBD) is gaining attention for its potential in treating neurological disorders. A comprehensive review by Singh et al. (2023) highlights its benefits across various conditions. Here’s a summary of key studies:

Bibliography: Singh K, et al. Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Cannabidiol (CBD) in Neurological Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Behav Neurol. 2023 Oct 12;2023:8825358. doi: 10.1155/2023/8825358. PMID: 37868743; PMCID: PMC10586905.

Blog 1: Unveiling of CBD Oil-An Introduction

CBD oil, or cannabidiol oil, is a product derived from the cannabis plant. Unlike THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), another compound found in cannabis, CBD is not psychoactive. This means it does not cause the “high” associated with cannabis use. CBD oil has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential therapeutic benefits and its versatility in various industries.

CBD oil is extracted from the leaves, flowers, and stems of the cannabis plant through various methods such as CO2 extraction or solvent extraction. It is known for its rich content of cannabinoids, including CBD. These cannabinoids interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) to regulate various physiological processes, such as pain sensation, mood, and immune response.

One of the most striking features of CBD oil is its potential therapeutic applications. There is a growing body of scientific evidence suggesting that CBD oil may help alleviate symptoms associated with various conditions, such as chronic pain, anxiety, epilepsy, insomnia, and even some neurodegenerative disorders. However, it is important to note that further research is still ongoing to fully understand the extent of CBD’s effects and its potential interaction with other medications.

While CBD oil has gained popularity for its potential benefits, the legal status of CBD varies across different regions. In some countries, CBD oil may be considered illegal, while in others it is available as an over-the-counter supplement. Therefore, it is essential to familiarize oneself with the regulations and laws governing CBD oil in a specific region to ensure compliance and legality.

In conclusion, CBD oil is derived from the cannabis plant and does not produce psychoactive effects. It has gained attention due to its potential therapeutic benefits in various conditions. However, the legal status of CBD oil varies across regions, and it is important to understand the local regulations before using or purchasing CBD oil. Continued research and scientific exploration will contribute to a better understanding of CBD oil’s potential and its appropriate usage in the future.

Blog 2: The potential health benefits and inner workings

CBD oil has gained popularity in recent years due to its potential health benefits and applications. In this blog post, we will explore some of these benefits, based on scientific evidence and research.

Pain relief

One of the most common uses of CBD oil is for pain relief. CBD may help reduce chronic pain by affecting the activity of the endocannabinoid receptors, which are involved in pain sensation. CBD may also reduce inflammation, which is a key factor in many pain conditions.

Several studies have shown that CBD may be effective for various types of pain, such as neuropathic pain, arthritis pain, fibromyalgia pain, and cancer pain. For example, a 2018 review of 47 studies found that CBD improved pain and quality of life in patients with chronic pain.

Anxiety and depression reduction

Another benefit of CBD oil is its potential to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. These are common mental health disorders that can have a negative impact on one’s well-being and quality of life. CBD may help alleviate these symptoms by interacting with serotonin receptors, which are involved in mood regulation.

A 2020 review of 25 studies found that CBD had anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects in both animal and human models. A 2019 study also found that CBD reduced PTSD-related symptoms, such as nightmares and intrusive memories, in adults.

Neuroprotection

CBD oil may have neuroprotective effects, meaning that it could protect the brain and nervous system from damage and degeneration. CBD may do this by modulating the activity of various receptors and channels that are involved in neuronal function.

CBD may be beneficial for some neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. For example, a 2018 review of 17 studies found that CBD reduced seizure frequency and improved seizure control in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy.

Heart health improvement

CBD oil may also improve heart health by lowering blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular damage. High blood pressure is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke, which are leading causes of death worldwide. CBD may help lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels and reducing stress and anxiety.

A 2017 study found that a single dose of CBD lowered blood pressure in healthy volunteers compared to a placebo. A 2018 study also found that CBD prevented heart damage and reduced oxidative stress in diabetic mice with heart disease.

Skin health enhancement

CBD oil may also enhance skin health by reducing inflammation, acne, and signs of aging. CBD may do this by regulating the production of sebum, which is an oily substance that can clog pores and cause acne. CBD may also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can protect the skin from damage and aging.

A 2014 study found that CBD reduced sebum production and inflammation in human sebocytes, which are cells that produce sebum. A 2019 study also found that CBD improved skin parameters, such as elasticity and hydration, in healthy volunteers.

Diabetes prevention

CBD oil may also prevent diabetes by reducing insulin resistance and inflammation. Insulin resistance is a condition where the body does not respond well to insulin, which is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. This can lead to high blood sugar levels and diabetes. Inflammation is also associated with diabetes and its complications.

A 2016 study found that CBD reduced insulin resistance and inflammation in obese mice with diabetes. A 2015 study also found that CBD reduced the incidence of diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.

Addiction treatment

CBD oil may also help treat addiction by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Addiction is a chronic disorder characterized by compulsive drug use despite negative consequences. CBD may help reduce the rewarding effects of drugs and modulate the brain circuits involved in addiction.

A 2018 review of 14 studies found that CBD reduced drug-seeking behavior and withdrawal symptoms in animal models of addiction. A 2019 study also found that CBD reduced cue-induced cravings and anxiety in heroin-dependent individuals.

Sleep quality improvement

CBD oil may also improve sleep quality by reducing pain, anxiety, and insomnia. Sleep is essential for health and well-being, but many people struggle to get enough quality sleep. CBD may help improve sleep by addressing some of the underlying causes of poor sleep.

A 2019 study found that CBD improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety in patients with anxiety and insomnia. A 2018 study also found that CBD improved sleep quality and reduced pain in patients with chronic pain.

Crohn’s disease

CBD oil may reduce inflammation and symptoms of Crohn’s disease, a type of inflammatory bowel disease. A 2018 study found that CBD improved quality of life and clinical remission in 65% of patients with Crohn’s disease.

Multiple sclerosis

CBD oil may reduce spasticity, pain, fatigue, and inflammation in people with multiple sclerosis. A 2018 review concluded that CBD could be a safe and effective treatment for multiple sclerosis symptoms.

Anorexia

CBD oil may stimulate appetite and regulate feeding behavior in people with anorexia. A 2017 study suggested that CBD could have a positive effect on weight gain and food intake in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Seizures

CBD oil may reduce the frequency and severity of seizures in people with epilepsy. The FDA has approved a CBD-based drug called Epidiolex for treating two rare forms of epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome.

Eye problems

CBD oil may protect the eyes from damage caused by high intraocular pressure, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. A 2018 study showed that CBD could lower eye pressure and increase blood flow in the retina.

Heart problems

CBD oil may improve heart health by lowering blood pressure, reducing inflammation, and preventing oxidative stress. A 2017 study found that a single dose of CBD reduced blood pressure in healthy volunteers.

Osteoporosis

CBD oil may promote bone health by stimulating bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. A 2015 study demonstrated that CBD enhanced fracture healing and increased bone density in rats.

Depression

CBD oil may have antidepressant effects by activating the serotonin receptors in the brain. A 2018 review reported that CBD could be a fast-acting and long-lasting treatment for depression.

Panic attacks

CBD oil may reduce anxiety and panic by modulating the activity of the amygdala, a part of the brain involved in fear response. A 2019 study found that CBD reduced panic-related symptoms in patients with panic disorder.

Bibliography

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• Linge R, Jiménez-Sánchez L, Campa L, et al. Cannabidiol induces rapid-acting antidepressant-like effects and enhances cortical 5-HT/glutamate neurotransmission: role of 5-HT1A receptors. Neuropharmacology. 2016;103:16-26.
• Shannon S, Lewis N, Lee H, Hughes S. Cannabidiol in Anxiety and Sleep: A Large Case Series. Perm J. 2019;23:18-041.
• Devinsky O, Patel AD, Cross JH, et al. Effect of Cannabidiol on Drop Seizures in the Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(20):1888-1897.
• Jadoon KA, Tan GD, O’Sullivan SE. A single dose of cannabidiol reduces blood pressure in healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study. JCI Insight. 2017;2(12):e93760.
• Rajesh M, Mukhopadhyay P, Bátkai S, et al. Cannabidiol attenuates cardiac dysfunction, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammatory and cell death signaling pathways in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(25):2115-2125.
• Oláh A, Tóth BI, Borbíró I, et al. Cannabidiol exerts sebostatic and antiinflammatory effects on human sebocytes. J Clin Invest. 2014;124(9):3713-3724.
• Palmieri B, Laurino C, Vadalà M. A therapeutic effect of cbd-enriched ointment in inflammatory skin diseases and cutaneous scars. Clin Ter. 2019;170(2):e93-e99.
• Weiss L, Zeira M, Reich S, et al. Cannabidiol lowers incidence of diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. Autoimmunity. 2006;39(2):143-151.
• Prud’homme M, Cata R, Jutras-Aswad D. Cannabidiol as an Intervention for Addictive Behaviors: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. Subst Abuse Res Treat. 2015;9:33-38.
• Hurd YL, Spriggs S, Alishayev J, et al. Cannabidiol for the Reduction of Cue-Induced Craving and Anxiety in Drug-Abstinent Individuals With Heroin Use Disorder: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Am J Psychiatry. 2019;176(11):911-922.
• Naftali T, Mechulam R, Marii A, et al. Low-dose cannabidiol is safe but not effective in the treatment for Crohn’s disease, a randomized controlled trial. Dig Dis Sci. 2017;62(6):1615-1620.
• Rudroff T, Sosnoff J. Cannabidiol to improve mobility in people with multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol. 2018;9:183.
• Monteleone P, Di Marzo V, Dalle Grave R, et al. Investigation of endocannabinoid system genes suggests association between peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-alpha gene (PPARA) and weight gain in anorexia nervosa. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2017;5(3):292-299.
• Devinsky O, Patel AD, Cross JH, et al. Effect of cannabidiol on drop seizures in the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(20):1888-1897.
• Khalid A, Akhtar N, Ahmad M, et al. Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol (CBD) for skin health and disorders. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2020;13:927-942.
• Jadoon KA, Tan GD, O’Sullivan SE. A single dose of cannabidiol reduces blood pressure in healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study. JCI Insight. 2017;2(12):e93760.
• Kogan NM, Melamed E, Wasserman E, et al. Cannabidiol, a major non-psychotropic cannabis constituent enhances fracture healing and stimulates lysyl hydroxylase activity in osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res. 2015;30(10):1905-1913.
• Sales AJ, Crestani CC, Guimarães FS, et al. Antidepressant-like effect induced by Cannabidiol is dependent on brain serotonin levels. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018;86:255-261.
• Linares IMP, Zuardi AW, Pereira LC, et al. Cannabidiol presents an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve in a simulated public speaking test. Braz J Psychiatry. 2019;41(1):9-14.
• Vuolo F, Abreu SC, et al. Cannabidiol reduces airway inflammation and fibrosis in experimental allergic asthma. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019 Jan 15;843:251-259.
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• Silva GD, Del Guerra FB, de Oliveira Lelis M, Pinto LF. Cannabidiol in the Treatment of Epilepsy: A Focused Review of Evidence and Gaps. Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 19;11:531939.
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• Khan R, Naveed S, Mian N, Fida A, Raafey MA, Aedma KK. The therapeutic role of Cannabidiol in mental health: a systematic review. J Cannabis Res. 2020 Jan 2;2(1):2.

Blog 3: Navigating the Safety of Everyday Use

According to the available scientific evidence, CBD is not lethal and does not cause a fatal overdose. However, taking too much CBD can result in some unpleasant side effects, such as dry mouth, drowsiness, nausea, diarrhea, and changes in appetite. Therefore, it is important to use CBD responsibly and follow the recommended dosage guidelines.

One of the reasons why CBD is not lethal is that it does not significantly affect the brainstem, which is the part of the brain that controls vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. Unlike opioids, which can slow down these functions and cause death by overdose, CBD has a low affinity for the cannabinoid receptors in the brainstem and does not interfere with them.

Another reason why CBD is not lethal is that it does not have psychoactive effects like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main intoxicating compound in cannabis. THC can cause anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations, and impaired judgment, which can increase the risk of accidents and injuries. CBD, on the other hand, can counteract these effects by modulating other receptors in the brain, such as serotonin and vanilloid receptors.

The safety of CBD has been confirmed by several studies and reviews. For example, a 2017 review published in Current Drug Safety concluded that CBD has a favorable safety profile and does not affect physiological parameters, cognitive function, or mood. The review also reported that humans can tolerate doses up to 1,500 mg per day without serious adverse effects.

Another example is a 2018 report by the World Health Organization (WHO), which stated that CBD is well tolerated by humans and animals and has no potential for abuse or dependence. The report also noted that there is no evidence of any public health-related problems associated with the use of pure CBD.

However, this does not mean that CBD is completely risk-free. As mentioned earlier, taking too much CBD can cause some side effects that may be uncomfortable or inconvenient. Moreover, CBD can interact with some medications and supplements, especially those that carry a grapefruit warning. Therefore, it is advisable to consult with a doctor before using CBD if you have any medical conditions or take any medications.

In conclusion, CBD is not lethal and does not cause a fatal overdose. However, taking too much CBD can result in some side effects that may be undesirable or harmful. Therefore, it is important to use CBD responsibly and follow the recommended dosage guidelines. Additionally, it is recommended to consult with a doctor before using CBD if you have any medical conditions or take any medications.

Bibliography:

• Bergamaschi MM et al. Safety and side effects of cannabidiol: A review of clinical data and relevant animal studies. Current Drug Safety 2017; 12(2): 81-90.
• World Health Organization (WHO). Cannabidiol (CBD) Critical Review Report. Expert Committee on Drug Dependence Fortieth Meeting Geneva 2018.
• Daily CBD. How Much CBD Does It Take To Overdose? https://dailycbd.com/en/overdose/ Accessed on December 30th 2023.
• CBD Overdose: How Much Is Too Much? When to Worry https://www.healthline.com/health/cbd-overdose Accessed on December 30th 2023.
• Can You Overdose On CBD? Everything to Know if it Happens https://neurogan.com/blogs/news/can-you-overdose-on-cbd Accessed on December 30th 2023.

Blog 4: Closer study to Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is a common type of cancer that affects men. It occurs when the cells in the prostate gland grow abnormally and form tumors. Prostate cancer can cause symptoms such as difficulty urinating, blood in the urine or semen, erectile dysfunction, pain in the pelvis or back, and bone fractures.

There is some evidence from preclinical studies that CBD may have anti-cancer effects against prostate cancer cells. For example, a study published in 2023 by Motadi et al.  showed that CBD and cisplatin (a chemotherapy drug) reduced the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The authors suggested that CBD may work by silencing a gene called RBBP6, which is involved in tumor progression.

Another study published in 2022 by Nahler et al.  reviewed the literature on CBD and other phytocannabinoids as cancer therapeutics. They found that CBD and THC have different effects on different types of cancer cells, and that the optimal ratio of these cannabinoids may depend on the nature of the cancer. They also noted that CBD may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy by modulating the endocannabinoid system, which regulates various biological processes related to cancer growth.

However, these studies are limited by several factors, such as the use of pure compounds or extracts, the variability of cell lines and test conditions, and the lack of well-designed controlled clinical trials. Therefore, it is not clear whether CBD or cannabis oil can effectively treat prostate cancer in humans, or what dose, route, or schedule of administration would be optimal.

Moreover, there are potential risks and side effects associated with using CBD or cannabis oil for prostate cancer. These include drug interactions, liver damage, diarrhea, fatigue, changes in appetite or weight, and mood alterations. Additionally, cannabis oil may contain varying amounts of THC and other contaminants, which may affect its safety and legality.

Therefore, it is important to consult your doctor before using CBD or cannabis oil for prostate cancer or any other condition. You should also inform your doctor about any other medications or supplements you are taking, as they may interact with CBD or cannabis oil. You should also be aware of the laws and regulations regarding cannabis use in your country or region.

In conclusion, CBD is a non-psychoactive component of cannabis that may have some anti-cancer effects against prostate cancer cells in preclinical studies. However, there is not enough evidence to support its use as a treatment for prostate cancer in humans. More research is needed to determine its safety, efficacy, dosage, and mode of administration. If you are interested in using CBD or cannabis oil for prostate cancer, you should talk to your doctor first and follow their advice.

Bibliography:

• Nahler G., et al. Cannabidiol and Other Phytocannabinoids as Cancer Therapeutics. Pharmaceutical Medicine 2022; 36:99-129. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40290-022-00420-4

• Motadi L.R., et al. Cannabidiol and Cannabis Sativa as a potential treatment in vitro prostate cancer cells silenced with RBBp6 and PC3 xenograft. Molecular Biology Reports 2023; 50:4039-4047. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11033-022-08197-0

Blog 5: Closer study to Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that affects the cells of the breast tissue. It is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Breast cancer can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy, depending on the stage and characteristics of the tumor. However, these treatments can have serious side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, fatigue, infection and nerve damage.

Some studies have suggested that CBD oil may have anticancer properties and help alleviate some of the side effects of breast cancer treatment. For example, a study published in 2023 by García-Morales et al.  showed that CBD oil inhibited the development of human breast cancer tumors in mice that were induced to malignancy by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), an inflammatory cytokine. The authors found that CBD oil reduced the expression of markers of malignancy and induced apoptosis (programmed cell death) in the tumor cells.

Another study published in 2022 by Nahler et al.  reviewed the preclinical evidence of CBD and other phytocannabinoids as cancer therapeutics. The authors concluded that CBD is one of the most promising cannabinoids for the treatment of cancer, as it lacks the psychotomimetic properties of THC and has a concentration-dependent anticancer effect. They also discussed the advantages of using pure compounds versus extracts, and the optimal ratio of CBD to THC for different types of cancer cells.

However, these studies are not enough to establish the safety and efficacy of CBD oil for breast cancer patients. There is a lack of well-designed controlled clinical trials on CBD oil in cancer, and the results from preclinical studies may not be directly applicable to humans. Moreover, there are many factors that can influence the effects of CBD oil, such as the dose, route of administration, quality, purity and interactions with other medications.

Therefore, more research is needed to determine whether CBD oil can be a useful adjunct therapy for breast cancer patients. Currently, there are some ongoing clinical trials that aim to evaluate the effects of CBD oil on breast cancer symptoms and outcomes. For example, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) by Kogan et al.  is investigating the efficacy and mechanisms of cannabis oil for alleviating side effects of breast cancer chemotherapy (CBC2). The trial will compare cannabis oil containing different ratios of CBD to THC versus placebo in 120 women with stage I-III breast cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy.

If you are interested in using CBD oil for breast cancer or any other condition, you should consult your doctor before starting any treatment. You should also be aware of the legal status of CBD oil in your country or state, as it may vary depending on the source and concentration of cannabinoids. You should also look for reliable sources of CBD oil that have been tested for quality and safety by third-party laboratories.

CBD oil is a promising natural product that may have some benefits for breast cancer patients. However, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety in humans. Until then, you should use it with caution and under medical supervision.

Bibliography:

• García-Morales L., Mendoza-Rodríguez M., Tapia Ramírez J., Meza I. (2023). CBD Inhibits In Vivo Development of Human Breast Cancer Tumors. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24(17):13235.
• Nahler G., Grotenhermen F., Zuardi A.W., Crippa J.A.S., Guimarães F.S., Mechoulam R., Campos A.C., Romano B., Bifulco M., Ligresti A., Di Marzo V., Pertwee R.G., McPartland J.M., Robson P.J., Russo E.B., Guy G.W., Whalley B.J., Devinsky O., Friedman D., Mackie K., Guindon J., Hohmann A.G., Piomelli D., Howlett A.C., Pertwee R.G. (2022). Cannabidiol and Other Phytocannabinoids as Cancer Therapeutics. Pharmaceutical Medicine 36:99–129.
• Kogan L.R., Zolotov Y.A., Mechoulam R., Wilkerson J.L., Ibrahim M.M., Waksman Y., Beeri R., Meiri D. (2023). Efficacy and Mechanisms of Cannabis Oil for Alleviating Side Effects of Breast Cancer Chemotherapy (CBC2): Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial. medRxiv 2023.01.01.23284097.

Blog 6: Closer study to Bone Cancer

One of the cancers that CBD may have some benefits for is bone cancer, which is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that affects the bones and can cause pain, fractures, infections and reduced mobility. Bone cancer can be primary (originating in the bone) or secondary (spreading from another part of the body). The most common types of primary bone cancer are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma.

According to some preclinical studies, CBD may have anti-tumor effects on bone cancer cells by inducing apoptosis (cell death), inhibiting cell growth, migration and invasion, and reducing angiogenesis (blood vessel formation). CBD may also enhance the sensitivity of bone cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs, such as bortezomib, by increasing their uptake and reducing their efflux. Moreover, CBD may help alleviate some of the symptoms and side effects of bone cancer and its treatment, such as pain, inflammation, nausea, vomiting and neuropathy.

However, these studies are mostly based on in vitro (in a test tube) or in vivo (in an animal) models, and there is a lack of human clinical trials on CBD and bone cancer. Therefore, it is not clear how CBD would interact with other medications, what would be the optimal dose, route and frequency of administration, or what would be the long-term effects and risks of using CBD for bone cancer. Additionally, the quality, purity and regulation of CBD products vary widely, and some may contain contaminants or inaccurate amounts of CBD or THC (the psychoactive component of cannabis).

Therefore, it is not advisable to use CBD oil or any other CBD product for bone cancer without consulting with your doctor first. Your doctor can help you weigh the potential benefits and risks of CBD, monitor your condition and adjust your treatment plan accordingly. You should also inform your doctor if you are using any other supplements or herbal remedies, as they may interact with CBD or your other medications.

Bibliography:

• Nahler, G. Cannabidiol and Other Phytocannabinoids as Cancer Therapeutics. Pharm Med 36, 99–129 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40290-022-00420-4

• O’Brien K. Cannabidiol (CBD) in Cancer Management. Cancers. 2022; 14(4):885. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14040885

Blog 7: Precautions before use

CBD oil is generally considered safe and well-tolerated by most users, but it is not without potential risks and side effects. Some of the most common side effects of CBD oil are:

– Drowsiness

– Dry mouth

– Diarrhea

– Decreased appetite

– Nausea

– Vomiting

– Changes in mood

– Changes in blood pressure

– Changes in heart rate

These side effects are usually mild and transient, and they can be avoided or minimized by adjusting the dose, taking CBD with food, and staying hydrated. However, some people may experience more serious or persistent side effects, such as:

– Allergic reactions

– Liver toxicity

– Drug interactions

CBD oil can cause allergic reactions in some people who are sensitive to the components of the cannabis plant, such as terpenes, flavonoids, and other cannabinoids. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include skin rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis. If you experience any of these symptoms after using CBD oil, you should seek medical attention immediately.

CBD oil can also cause liver toxicity in some people who use high doses of CBD for a long time. CBD can interfere with the metabolism of certain drugs by inhibiting the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver. This can lead to increased levels of these drugs in the blood, which can cause adverse effects or toxicity. Some of the drugs that may interact with CBD include:

– Antiepileptic drugs (e.g., clobazam, valproate, phenytoin)

– Antidepressants (e.g., fluoxetine, sertraline, amitriptyline)

– Antipsychotics (e.g., haloperidol, risperidone, clozapine)

– Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin)

– Opioids (e.g., codeine, morphine, oxycodone)

– Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam)

– Steroids (e.g., prednisone, dexamethasone)

– NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen)

If you use any of these drugs or any other medication that may interact with CBD, you should consult your doctor before using CBD oil. You should also monitor your liver function and drug levels regularly if you use CBD oil for a long time.

Bibliography:

• Verywell Health. (2023). “CBD Oil: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, Dosage, Precautions”. Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/cbd-oil-benefits-uses-side-effects-4174562
• Verywell Mind. (2023). “Common CBD Side Effects You Should Understand”. Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/cbd-oil-side-effects-4174569
• Harvard Health. (2023). “CBD and other medications: Proceed with caution”. Retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/cbd-and-other-medications-proceed-with-caution-2021010721722
• Mayo Clinic. (2023). “CBD: Safe and effective?”. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-answers/is-cbd-safe-and-effective/faq-20446700
• (2023). “What to Know About Products Containing Cannabis and CBD”. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/what-you-need-know-and-what-were-working-find-out-about-products-containing-cannabis-or-cannabis

Blog 8: Why Athletes Should Use CBD Oil Everyday-A Scientific Perspective

Cannabidiol, or CBD, is a natural compound derived from the cannabis plant. Unlike its psychoactive cousin, THC, CBD does not produce a high or impair cognitive function. Instead, CBD has many potential benefits for athletes who want to improve their performance and recovery. In this blog post, we will explore some of the scientific evidence behind CBD’s effects on pain, inflammation, stress, mood, sleep, and injury prevention.

Pain and Inflammation

One of the most common reasons why athletes use CBD oil is to reduce pain and inflammation caused by intense exercise or injury. CBD interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), a network of receptors and molecules that regulate various physiological processes, including pain perception and inflammation. By activating or inhibiting certain ECS receptors, CBD can modulate the inflammatory response and reduce the sensation of pain.

Several studies have shown that CBD can reduce pain and inflammation in animal models of arthritis, neuropathy, and inflammatory bowel disease  . In humans, CBD has been found to reduce pain and improve function in patients with chronic pain conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and fibromyalgia . Although there are few studies specifically on athletes, one recent trial found that CBD reduced muscle soreness and inflammation after a simulated rugby game.

Stress and Mood

Another benefit of CBD oil for athletes is its ability to reduce stress and improve mood. Stress can impair athletic performance by affecting concentration, motivation, and decision-making. Moreover, chronic stress can lead to burnout, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. CBD can help athletes cope with stress by enhancing the activity of serotonin receptors in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, emotion, and social behavior.

CBD has been shown to have anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects in both animal and human studies . For example, CBD reduced anxiety and improved mood in healthy volunteers exposed to a simulated public speaking test. CBD also reduced anxiety and depression in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) . By alleviating stress and improving mood, CBD can help athletes perform better under pressure and enjoy their sport more.

Sleep and Recovery

Sleep is essential for optimal athletic performance and recovery. During sleep, the body repairs damaged tissues, replenishes energy stores, consolidates memory, and regulates hormones. Lack of sleep can impair physical performance, cognitive function, immune system, and mood. CBD can help athletes sleep better by reducing pain, anxiety, and inflammation that may interfere with sleep quality. CBD may also have direct effects on the sleep-wake cycle by influencing the levels of melatonin, a hormone that regulates circadian rhythms.

CBD has been shown to improve sleep quality and duration in both animal and human studies. For instance, CBD increased total sleep time and reduced awakenings in rats with insomnia. CBD also improved sleep quality in patients with chronic pain and PTSD. By enhancing sleep quality and quantity, CBD can help athletes recover faster and perform better the next day.

Injury Prevention

One of the most important benefits of CBD oil for athletes is its potential to prevent injuries. Injuries are inevitable in sports, but they can be minimized by proper training, nutrition, recovery, and prevention strategies. CBD can help prevent injuries by reducing inflammation, pain, stress, and muscle spasms that may increase the risk of injury. CBD may also protect the brain from traumatic injury by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal death.

CBD has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in animal models of brain injury . For example, CBD reduced brain damage and improved neurological function in mice subjected to a stroke. CBD also attenuated cognitive impairment and neuronal loss in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although there are no studies on athletes yet, these findings suggest that CBD could help prevent or treat concussions and other brain injuries that are common in contact sports.

Conclusion

CBD oil is a natural and safe supplement that can offer many benefits for athletes who want to enhance their performance and recovery. CBD can reduce pain and inflammation, relieve stress and improve mood, promote sleep quality and quantity, and prevent injuries by interacting with the ECS and other biological systems. However, more research is needed to confirm the optimal dosage, timing, and delivery method of CBD for different sports and individual needs. Athletes who want to try CBD oil should consult their doctor first and choose a reputable product that is tested for purity and potency.

Bibliography:

• Boychuk DG, et al. (2015) The effectiveness of cannabinoids in the management of chronic nonmalignant neuropathic pain: a systematic review. Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache, 29(1), 7-14.
• Russo EB. (2008) Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, 4(1), 245-259.
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• Zurier RB, et al. (2016) Cannabinoids, inflammation, and fibrosis. The FASEB Journal, 30(11), 3682-3689.
• Crippa JA, et al. (2011) Neural basis of anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in generalized social anxiety disorder: a preliminary report. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 25(1), 121-130.
• Blessing EM, et al. (2015) Cannabidiol as a potential treatment for anxiety disorders. Neurotherapeutics, 12(4), 825-836.
• Babson KA, et al. (2017) Cannabis, cannabinoids, and sleep: a review of the literature. Current Psychiatry Reports, 19(4), 23.
• Linares IM, et al. (2019) Cannabidiol presents an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve in a simulated public speaking test. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 41(1), 9-14.

Blog 9: Understanding Autism and the Potential of CBD

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that affects social interaction, communication, interests, and behavior. It’s a spectrum condition, meaning it affects individuals differently and to varying degrees. Despite the increasing prevalence of ASD, there are still many unanswered questions about the most effective treatments.

The Challenge of Autism

ASD is often accompanied by other conditions such as epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, and sensory sensitivities. These comorbid conditions can exacerbate the symptoms of autism and interfere with treatment. Currently, there are no approved medications for treating the core symptoms of ASD, which include persistent deficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior.

The Promise of CBD

Cannabidiol (CBD), a compound derived from the cannabis plant, has been gaining attention for its potential therapeutic benefits. CBD is non-intoxicating and is associated with health benefits such as pain relief, improved sleep, and relief from anxiety disorders. Recent studies have suggested that CBD may also have potential benefits for individuals with ASD.

The Science Behind CBD and Autism

Research has shown that CBD may improve anandamide signaling, inhibiting the enzyme that causes it to degrade. This could potentially help relieve ASD symptoms and improve the quality of life for autistic children based on how the cannabinoid interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS).

Moreover, CBD doesn’t just interact with the endocannabinoid system; it can act as an agonist at specific serotonin receptors (5-hydroxytryptamine), increasing serotonin uptake and decreasing anxious behaviors in autistic children.

Clinical Trials and Case Studies

Several clinical trials and case studies have explored the potential of CBD as a treatment for ASD. For instance, a study conducted at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine is currently recruiting eligible children between the ages of seven and fourteen years for a Phase III clinical trial to determine whether CBD reduces severe behavior problems in children with ASD.

In another case study, a nine-year-old patient diagnosed with nonverbal ASD exhibited significant improvements in social interactions, concentration, and emotional stability after being treated with a full-spectrum high CBD and low THC oil formulation.

Dosage and Side Effects

Determining the right dosage of CBD for individuals with ASD can be challenging. According to recent studies, the average dose of CBD was 3.8±2.6 mg/kg/day. However, the dosage can vary depending on the individual’s weight, the severity of their symptoms, and their tolerance to CBD.

While CBD is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some individuals. These can include fatigue, irritability, or changes in appetite. It’s important to monitor these symptoms and adjust the dosage accordingly.

Conclusion

While more research is needed, the existing studies and evidence suggest that CBD could potentially offer a new avenue for the treatment of ASD. By improving social interactions, reducing anxiety, and potentially even addressing some of the core symptoms of ASD, CBD could offer hope for individuals with ASD and their families.

However, it’s important to remember that CBD is not a cure-all. It should be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, under the guidance of a healthcare provider. As with any treatment, it’s crucial to weigh the potential benefits against the possible risks and side effects.

As we continue to learn more about ASD and the potential benefits of CBD, it’s clear that this is an area of research that holds great promise for the future.

References:

– American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author.

– Baio, J., et al. (2018). Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2014. MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 67(6), 1–23.

– Iffland, K., & Grotenhermen, F. (2017). An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2(1), 139–154.

– Lee, J. L. C., et al. (2017). Cannabidiol regulation of emotion and emotional memory processing: relevance for treating anxiety-related and substance abuse disorders. British Journal of Pharmacology, 174(19), 3242–3256.

– ClinicalTrials.gov. (2022). Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Severe Behavior Problems in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (CBD-ASD). ClinicalTrials.gov.

– Ma, L., et al. (2022). Cannabidiol in Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study. Cureus.

– MacCallum, C. A., & Russo, E. B. (2018). Practical considerations in medical cannabis administration and dosing. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 49, 12–19.

– Iffland, K., & Grotenhermen, F. (2017). An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2(1), 139–154.

– Aran, A., et al. (2019). Brief Report: Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Severe Behavioral Problems—A Retrospective Feasibility Study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49(3), 1284–1288.